Sannadkii 1939-kii, afar sano ka dib markii uu ikhtiraacay Wallace Carothers, naylon ayaa markii ugu horreysay lagu dabaqay sharabaadada xariirta ah oo ah walxo cusub, taas oo ay raadinayeen dhallinyaro aan tiro lahayn oo rag iyo dumarba leh oo caan ka noqday adduunka.
Tani waa dhacdo taariikhi ah markii warshadaha kimistariga polymer-ka ee casriga ah ay bilaabeen inay kobcaan.Laga soo bilaabo sharabaadyada xariirta ah ilaa dharka, waxyaabaha maalinlaha ah loo baahan yahay, baakadaha, qalabka guriga, baabuurta, hawada sare... Naylon waxa ay si weyn u saamaysay waxna ka badashay nolosha aadanaha.
Maanta, dunidu waxay ku socotaa isbeddel qoto dheer oo aan la arkin qarni.Khilaafka Ruushka iyo Ukraine, xiisadda tamarta, kulaylka cimilada, xaalufka deegaanka... Xaaladdan oo kale, walxaha bio-ku-salaysan ayaa u tallaabay dabaysha taariikhiga ah.
* Alaabaha bio-ku-salaysan oo loo keenay horumar barwaaqo leh
Marka la barbar dhigo walxaha dhaqameed ee ku salaysan batroolka, walxaha ku salaysan bio-ku-salaysan waxay ka soo jeedaan sonkorta, galleyda, cawska, badarka, iwm, kuwaas oo leh faa'iidooyinka alaabta ceeriin ee dib loo cusboonaysiin karo waxayna si weyn u yareeyeen qiiqa kaarboonka.Kaliya kama caawin karaan bini'aadamka inay yareeyaan ku tiirsanaanta kheyraadka batroolka, laakiin sidoo kale waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan yareynta dhibaatada tamarta adduunka.
Faa'iidooyinka deegaanka ee muhiimka ah macnaheedu waa qiimo dhaqaale oo muhiim ah.OECD waxay saadaalisay in sanadka 2030, 25% kiimikooyinka dabiiciga ah iyo 20% shidaalka fosil lagu bedeli doono kiimikooyin ku salaysan bayoolaji, qiimaha noolaha-dhaqaale ee ku salaysan khayraadka dib loo cusboonaysiin karo ayaa gaadhi doona ilaa hal trillion oo dollar.Alaabooyinka ku salaysan bayooloji waxay noqdeen isbeddellada ugu kulul ee maalgashiga warshadaha caalamiga ah iyo hal-abuurka tignoolajiyada.
Shiinaha, oo raacaya hadafka istiraatijiyadeed ee "kaarboon laba-jibbaaran", "Qorshaha Waxqabad ee Saddex-sano ah ee Dardar-gelinta Hal-abuurka iyo Horumarinta Walxaha Biyo-ku-saleysan" oo ay soo saareen lix wasaaradood iyo guddiyo bilowga sanadka ayaa sidoo kale sii horumarin doona. horumarinta iyo hagaajinta warshadaha agabka noolaha.Waxa la saadaalin karaa in agabka noole-ku-salaysan ee gudaha ay sidoo kale keeni doonaan horumar buuxa.
* Walxaha naylon-ku-salaysan ayaa noqda muunadda korriinka ee walxaha ku-salaysan noolaha
Ka faa'iidaysiga dareenka heerka istiraatijiyadeed ee qaranka, iyo sidoo kale faa'iidooyinka badan ee qiimaha alaabta ceeriin, miisaanka suuqa, iyo taageero nidaamka warshadaha dhamaystiran, Shiinaha ayaa markii hore aasaasay qaab warshadaynta of polylactic acid iyo polyamide, iyo horumarinta degdega ah ee kala duwan. ee alaabta bio-based.
Sida laga soo xigtay xogta, 2021, awoodda wax soo saarka Shiinaha ee alaabta ku salaysan bio-ku-salaysan waxay gaari doontaa 11 milyan oo tan (marka laga reebo biofuels), oo ka dhigan qiyaastii 31% wadarta guud ee adduunka, iyada oo wax soo saarka 7 milyan oo tan iyo wax soo saarka qiimo ka badan. 150 bilyan yuan.
Waxaa ka mid ah, waxqabadka walxaha bio-nylon ayaa si gaar ah u muuqda.Sida asalka ah ee qaranka "double carbon", tiro ka mid ah shirkadaha hormuudka ah gudaha ayaa hogaanka u qabtay qaabeynta beerta bio-nylon, oo waxay horumar ka sameeyeen cilmi-baarista farsamada iyo miisaanka awoodda.
Tusaale ahaan, berrinkii baakadaha, alaab-qeybiyeyaasha guduhu waxay soo saareen filimka polyamide ee biaxial (content bio-base content 20% ~ 40%), waxayna ka gudbeen shahaadada hal-xiddig ee TUV, iyagoo noqday mid ka mid ah shirkadaha yar ee adduunka ee leh tignoolajiyadan. .
Intaa waxaa dheer, Shiinuhu waa mid ka mid ah soosaarayaasha ugu weyn ee sonkorta iyo galleyda ee adduunka.Ma aha wax adag in la ogaado in laga bilaabo sahayda alaabta ceeriin dhirta in technology polymerization naylon-ku salaysan bio-ku salaysan naylon filim technology iskala, Shiinaha ayaa aamusnaan u sameeyay silsilad warshad nayloon bio-ku salaysan tartan caalami ah.
Khubarada qaar ayaa sheegay in iyada oo si joogto ah loo sii daayo awoodda wax-soo-saarka ee warshadaha nylon-ku-salaysan, caan-qaadisteeda iyo codsigeeda waa arrin waqti uun ah.Waxaa la caddeeyey in shirkadahaas bilaabay qaabaynta iyo maalgashiga R&D ee warshadaha nylon-ku-salaysan ay hormood u noqon doonaan wareegga cusub ee is-beddelka warshadaha caalamiga ah iyo tartanka, iyo agabka bio-ku-saleysan ee ay matalaan bio-based. Alaabta naylon waxay sidoo kale kor u qaadi doontaa heer cusub, iyadoo si tartiib tartiib ah u kordheysa noocyada badeecada iyo miisaanka warshadaha, oo si tartiib tartiib ah uga guuri doona cilmi baarista sayniska iyo horumarinta una gudbi doona codsi cabbir warshadeed oo dhamaystiran.